Hope I get this right -
The Turnpike Roads
Creating a network of well-maintained roads was one of the major achievements of 18th century England. These highways facilitated the rapid and efficient transportation of goods and passengers throughout the Kingdom, reducing costs and forming an integrated, free market. This road system was not planning centrally but resulted from local enterprise, regulated through Acts of Parliament. Bodies of local trustees were given powers to levy tolls on the users of a specified stretch of road, generally around 20 miles in length. Using money secured against this toll income, a trust arranged to improve and maintain a particular stretch of turnpike road. Although the powers under an Act were limited to a period of 21 years, in practise, Acts for continuation of the trusts meant that they remained responsible for most English trunk roads until the 1870s.
Phil